Azure Messaging Webpubsub Java

MicrosoftOfficialCreated by Microsoft

Skill
Tool integration
Cloud and DevOps
MIT
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From the author

Build real-time web applications with Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java. Use when implementing WebSocket-based messaging, live updates, chat applications, or server-to-client push notifications.

— the description by Microsoft

AutoGineer summary

Written by AutoGineer from the skill’s own files, not by the author

The Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java provides a client library to manage WebSocket-based messaging, enabling server-to-client push notifications, live updates, and chat functionality. It supports both synchronous and asynchronous operations, allowing developers to broadcast messages to all connections, specific groups, individual users, or targeted connections. The SDK includes features for managing connection groups, handling user-level messaging, generating client access tokens, and configuring fine-grained permissions.

What it does

Broadcasts messages to all connected clients
Sends targeted messages to specific users or connection IDs
Manages group memberships for connections and users
Generates client access tokens with specific roles and permissions
Provides asynchronous client support for non-blocking operations
Handles connection lifecycle management and status checks

When to use it

Implementing real-time chat features in Java applications
Broadcasting live updates or notifications to web clients
Managing WebSocket connections via a server-side Java backend
Controlling access to messaging channels using token-based authentication

Advantages

Simplifies WebSocket management through a dedicated service client
Supports flexible messaging patterns including group and user-based targeting
Integrates with Azure identity services for secure authentication
Provides both synchronous and asynchronous API options

Usage examples

“How do I send a JSON message to all clients using the Azure Web PubSub Java SDK?”: The agent provides code using client.sendToAll with WebPubSubContentType.APPLICATION_JSON to broadcast the JSON string.
“Show me how to add a user to a group in Azure Web PubSub.”: The agent demonstrates the client.addUserToGroup method, specifying the group name and the user ID.
“How can I generate an access token for a user with specific permissions?”: The agent provides an example using GetClientAccessTokenOptions to set a userId and add roles like webpubsub.sendToGroup.
“How do I perform an asynchronous message send in Java?”: The agent shows the use of WebPubSubServiceAsyncClient and the subscribe method to handle the operation.

Install

Download the skill as a ZIP:
https://mp-staging.autogineer.com/agent-skills/microsoft/azure-messaging-webpubsub-java/download

Unzip it into the cross-client skills folder of your project:

mkdir -p .agents/skills && unzip azure-messaging-webpubsub-java.zip -d .agents/skills

Documentation by Microsoft

Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java

Build real-time web applications using the Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java.

Installation

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.azure</groupId>
    <artifactId>azure-messaging-webpubsub</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.0</version>
</dependency>

Client Creation

With Connection String

import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.WebPubSubServiceClient;
import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder;

WebPubSubServiceClient client = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>")
    .hub("chat")
    .buildClient();

With Access Key

import com.azure.core.credential.AzureKeyCredential;

WebPubSubServiceClient client = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder()
    .credential(new AzureKeyCredential("<access-key>"))
    .endpoint("<endpoint>")
    .hub("chat")
    .buildClient();

With DefaultAzureCredential

import com.azure.core.credential.TokenCredential;
import com.azure.identity.AzureIdentityEnvVars;
import com.azure.identity.DefaultAzureCredentialBuilder;
import com.azure.identity.ManagedIdentityCredentialBuilder;

// Local dev: DefaultAzureCredential. Production: set AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=prod or AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=<specific_credential>
TokenCredential credential = new DefaultAzureCredentialBuilder()
    .requireEnvVars(AzureIdentityEnvVars.AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS)
    .build();
// Or use a specific credential directly in production:
// See https://learn.microsoft.com/java/api/overview/azure/identity-readme?view=azure-java-stable#credential-classes
// TokenCredential credential = new ManagedIdentityCredentialBuilder().build();

WebPubSubServiceClient client = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder()
    .credential(credential)
    .endpoint("<endpoint>")
    .hub("chat")
    .buildClient();

Async Client

import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.WebPubSubServiceAsyncClient;

WebPubSubServiceAsyncClient asyncClient = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder()
    .connectionString("<connection-string>")
    .hub("chat")
    .buildAsyncClient();

Key Concepts

Hub: Logical isolation unit for connections
Group: Subset of connections within a hub
Connection: Individual WebSocket client connection
User: Entity that can have multiple connections

Core Patterns

Send to All Connections

import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.WebPubSubContentType;

// Send text message
client.sendToAll("Hello everyone!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);

// Send JSON
String jsonMessage = "{\"type\": \"notification\", \"message\": \"New update!\"}";
client.sendToAll(jsonMessage, WebPubSubContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);

Send to All with Filter

import com.azure.core.http.rest.RequestOptions;
import com.azure.core.util.BinaryData;

BinaryData message = BinaryData.fromString("Hello filtered users!");

// Filter by userId
client.sendToAllWithResponse(
    message,
    WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN,
    message.getLength(),
    new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("filter", "userId ne 'user1'"));

// Filter by groups
client.sendToAllWithResponse(
    message,
    WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN,
    message.getLength(),
    new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("filter", "'GroupA' in groups and not('GroupB' in groups)"));

Send to Group

// Send to all connections in a group
client.sendToGroup("java-developers", "Hello Java devs!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);

// Send JSON to group
String json = "{\"event\": \"update\", \"data\": {\"version\": \"2.0\"}}";
client.sendToGroup("subscribers", json, WebPubSubContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);

Send to Specific Connection

// Send to a specific connection by ID
client.sendToConnection("connectionId123", "Private message", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);

Send to User

// Send to all connections for a specific user
client.sendToUser("andy", "Hello Andy!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);

Manage Groups

// Add connection to group
client.addConnectionToGroup("premium-users", "connectionId123");

// Remove connection from group
client.removeConnectionFromGroup("premium-users", "connectionId123");

// Add user to group (all their connections)
client.addUserToGroup("admin-group", "userId456");

// Remove user from group
client.removeUserFromGroup("admin-group", "userId456");

// Check if user is in group
boolean exists = client.userExistsInGroup("admin-group", "userId456");

Manage Connections

// Check if connection exists
boolean connected = client.connectionExists("connectionId123");

// Close a connection
client.closeConnection("connectionId123");

// Close with reason
client.closeConnection("connectionId123", "Session expired");

// Check if user exists (has any connections)
boolean userOnline = client.userExists("userId456");

// Close all connections for a user
client.closeUserConnections("userId456");

// Close all connections in a group
client.closeGroupConnections("inactive-group");

Generate Client Access Token

import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.GetClientAccessTokenOptions;
import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.WebPubSubClientAccessToken;

// Basic token
WebPubSubClientAccessToken token = client.getClientAccessToken(
    new GetClientAccessTokenOptions());
System.out.println("URL: " + token.getUrl());

// With user ID
WebPubSubClientAccessToken userToken = client.getClientAccessToken(
    new GetClientAccessTokenOptions().setUserId("user123"));

// With roles (permissions)
WebPubSubClientAccessToken roleToken = client.getClientAccessToken(
    new GetClientAccessTokenOptions()
        .setUserId("user123")
        .addRole("webpubsub.joinLeaveGroup")
        .addRole("webpubsub.sendToGroup"));

// With groups to join on connect
WebPubSubClientAccessToken groupToken = client.getClientAccessToken(
    new GetClientAccessTokenOptions()
        .setUserId("user123")
        .addGroup("announcements")
        .addGroup("updates"));

// With custom expiration
WebPubSubClientAccessToken expToken = client.getClientAccessToken(
    new GetClientAccessTokenOptions()
        .setUserId("user123")
        .setExpiresAfter(Duration.ofHours(2)));

Grant/Revoke Permissions

import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.WebPubSubPermission;

// Grant permission to send to a group
client.grantPermission(
    WebPubSubPermission.SEND_TO_GROUP,
    "connectionId123",
    new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("targetName", "chat-room"));

// Revoke permission
client.revokePermission(
    WebPubSubPermission.SEND_TO_GROUP,
    "connectionId123",
    new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("targetName", "chat-room"));

// Check permission
boolean hasPermission = client.checkPermission(
    WebPubSubPermission.SEND_TO_GROUP,
    "connectionId123",
    new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("targetName", "chat-room"));

Async Operations

asyncClient.sendToAll("Async message!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN)
    .subscribe(
        unused -> System.out.println("Message sent"),
        error -> System.err.println("Error: " + error.getMessage())
    );

asyncClient.sendToGroup("developers", "Group message", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN)
    .doOnSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Sent to group"))
    .doOnError(e -> System.err.println("Failed: " + e))
    .subscribe();

Error Handling

import com.azure.core.exception.HttpResponseException;

try {
    client.sendToConnection("invalid-id", "test", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);
} catch (HttpResponseException e) {
    System.out.println("Status: " + e.getResponse().getStatusCode());
    System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}

Environment Variables

WEB_PUBSUB_CONNECTION_STRING=Endpoint=https://<resource>.webpubsub.azure.com;AccessKey=...  # Alternative to Entra ID auth
WEB_PUBSUB_ENDPOINT=https://<resource>.webpubsub.azure.com  # Required for AzureKeyCredential or TokenCredential auth
WEB_PUBSUB_ACCESS_KEY=<your-access-key>  # Only required for AzureKeyCredential auth
AZURE_TOKEN_CREDENTIALS=prod  # Required only if DefaultAzureCredential is used in production

Client Roles

Role	Permission
`webpubsub.joinLeaveGroup`	Join/leave any group
`webpubsub.sendToGroup`	Send to any group
`webpubsub.joinLeaveGroup.<group>`	Join/leave specific group
`webpubsub.sendToGroup.<group>`	Send to specific group

Best Practices

Use Groups: Organize connections into groups for targeted messaging
User IDs: Associate connections with user IDs for user-level messaging
Token Expiration: Set appropriate token expiration for security
Roles: Grant minimal required permissions via roles
Hub Isolation: Use separate hubs for different application features
Connection Management: Clean up inactive connections

Trigger Phrases

"Web PubSub Java"
"WebSocket messaging Azure"
"real-time push notifications"
"server-sent events"
"chat application backend"
"live updates broadcasting"

Files

ATTRIBUTION.mdAdded by AutoGineer997 B
LICENSELicence file added by AutoGineer1.1 KiB
SKILL.md9.3 KiB
references/examples.md13.0 KiB

Requirements and compatibility

Works with: Claude Code, Claude apps, OpenAI Codex, GitHub Copilot, Cursor, Gemini CLI, Kiro, OpenCode, Goose, Amp, Roo Code, JetBrains Junie, Factory Droid, Devin (ex-Windsurf), Mistral Vibe, OpenHands, Letta

“Works with” means the tool reads the open Agent Skills format; a skill written for one tool may use features others lack.

Security

No issues found by our static scan· No issues found

A static scan is not a guarantee. Skills are third-party content: review a skill before you let an agent use it.

Attribution and licence

Created by

Microsoft

Publisher

Microsoft (Official)

Source

microsoft/skills · .github/plugins/azure-sdk-java/skills/azure-messaging-webpubsub-java · commit 0696600

Licence

MIT License (redistribution allowed)

LICENSE (added by AutoGineer from LICENSE)
ATTRIBUTION.md (written by AutoGineer)

Synced

2026-11-08

AutoGineer is not affiliated with or endorsed by Microsoft.

Download ZIP

The ZIP holds the skill’s files, its licence files and an ATTRIBUTION.md. Download azure-messaging-webpubsub-java.zip