Sanity Best Practices

your-project/
├── studio/     # Sanity Studio (standalone)
└── web/        # Next.js frontend

import { defineLive } from 'next-sanity/live'
import { client } from './client'

export const { sanityFetch, SanityLive } = defineLive({
  client: client.withConfig({
    apiVersion: '2026-02-01'
  }),
  serverToken: process.env.SANITY_API_READ_TOKEN,
  browserToken: process.env.SANITY_API_READ_TOKEN,
})

import { SanityLive } from '@/sanity/lib/live'
import { VisualEditing } from 'next-sanity/visual-editing'
import { draftMode } from 'next/headers'

export default async function RootLayout({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
  return (
    <html lang="en">
      <body>
        {children}
        <SanityLive />
        {(await draftMode()).isEnabled && <VisualEditing />}
      </body>
    </html>
  )
}

// next.config.ts
const nextConfig: NextConfig = {
  logging: {
    fetches: {
      fullUrl: true,
    },
  },
};

GET /posts 200 in 39ms
 │ GET https://...apicdn.sanity.io/... 200 in 5ms (cache hit)

// For static generation, use API directly
export async function generateStaticParams() {
  const slugs = await client
    .withConfig({ useCdn: false })
    .fetch(SLUGS_QUERY);
  return slugs;
}

// src/sanity/lib/client.ts
export async function sanityFetch<const QueryString extends string>({
  query,
  params = {},
  revalidate = 60,
  tags = [],
}: {
  query: QueryString;
  params?: QueryParams;
  revalidate?: number | false;
  tags?: string[];
}) {
  return client.fetch(query, params, {
    next: {
      revalidate: tags.length ? false : revalidate,
      tags,
    },
  });
}

const posts = await sanityFetch({
  query: POSTS_QUERY,
  revalidate: 3600, // Revalidate every hour
});

// src/app/api/revalidate/path/route.ts
import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache';
import { type NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
import { parseBody } from 'next-sanity/webhook';

type WebhookPayload = { path?: string };

export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
  try {
    const { isValidSignature, body } = await parseBody<WebhookPayload>(
      req,
      process.env.SANITY_REVALIDATE_SECRET,
      true // Add delay to allow CDN to update
    );

    if (!isValidSignature) {
      return new Response('Invalid signature', { status: 401 });
    }
    if (!body?.path) {
      return new Response('Missing path', { status: 400 });
    }

    revalidatePath(body.path);
    return NextResponse.json({ revalidated: body.path });
  } catch (err) {
    return new Response((err as Error).message, { status: 500 });
  }
}

// Posts index - revalidate when ANY post, author, or category changes
const posts = await sanityFetch({
  query: POSTS_QUERY,
  tags: ['post', 'author', 'category'],
});

// Individual post - more granular, includes slug-specific tag
const post = await sanityFetch({
  query: POST_QUERY,
  params,
  tags: [`post:${params.slug}`, 'author', 'category'],
});

// src/app/api/revalidate/tag/route.ts
import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache';
import { type NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
import { parseBody } from 'next-sanity/webhook';

type WebhookPayload = { tags: string[] };

export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
  try {
    const { isValidSignature, body } = await parseBody<WebhookPayload>(
      req,
      process.env.SANITY_REVALIDATE_SECRET,
      true
    );

    if (!isValidSignature) {
      return new Response('Invalid signature', { status: 401 });
    }
    if (!Array.isArray(body?.tags) || !body.tags.length) {
      return new Response('Missing tags', { status: 400 });
    }

    body.tags.forEach((tag) => revalidateTag(tag));
    return NextResponse.json({ revalidated: body.tags });
  } catch (err) {
    return new Response((err as Error).message, { status: 500 });
  }
}

import { stegaClean } from "@sanity/client/stega";

export function Layout({ align }: { align: string }) {
  // ❌ Bad: Will fail in Edit Mode due to invisible chars
  // if (align === 'center') ...

  // ✅ Good: Clean the value first
  const cleanAlign = stegaClean(align);
  return <div className={cleanAlign === 'center' ? 'mx-auto' : ''} />
}

export async function generateMetadata({ params }) {
  const { data } = await sanityFetch({
    query: SEO_QUERY,
    params: await params,
    stega: false // 👈 Critical for SEO
  })
  return { title: data?.title }
}

export async function generateStaticParams() {
  const { data } = await sanityFetch({
    query: SLUGS_QUERY,
    perspective: 'published', // 👈 No drafts
    stega: false
  })
  return data
}

npm create sanity@latest -- --project <projectId> --dataset production --template clean --typescript --output-path studio

import { client } from '@/sanity/lib/client'
import { defineEnableDraftMode } from 'next-sanity/draft-mode'
import { token } from '@/sanity/lib/token' // Helper to get token

export const { GET } = defineEnableDraftMode({
  client: client.withConfig({ token }),
})

import { notFound } from 'next/navigation'

export default async function PostPage({ params }: Props) {
  const { data } = await sanityFetch({ query: POST_QUERY, params: await params })
  if (!data) notFound()
  return <Post data={data} />
}

'use client'
import { usePresentationQuery } from 'next-sanity/hooks'
import { HERO_PRESENTATION_QUERY } from '@/sanity/lib/queries'

type HeroProps = {
  _key: string
  documentId: string
  title: string
  subtitle?: string
  // ... other initial props from page query
}

export function Hero({ _key, documentId, title, subtitle, ...rest }: HeroProps) {
  // Fetch block-specific data for faster updates in Presentation Tool
  const { data } = usePresentationQuery({
    query: HERO_PRESENTATION_QUERY,
    params: { documentId, blockKey: _key },
  })

  // Use presentation data if available, fallback to initial server props
  const blockData = data?.heroBlock || { title, subtitle, ...rest }

  return (
    <section>
      <h1>{blockData.title}</h1>
      {blockData.subtitle && <p>{blockData.subtitle}</p>}
    </section>
  )
}

// queries.ts
export const HERO_PRESENTATION_QUERY = defineQuery(`
  *[_id == $documentId][0]{
    _id,
    _type,
    "heroBlock": pageBuilder[_key == $blockKey && _type == "hero"][0]{
      title,
      subtitle,
      image,
      theme,
      // Include all fields the component needs
    }
  }
`)

export function PageBuilder({ content, documentId }: { content: Block[]; documentId: string }) {
  return (
    <main>
      {content.map((block) => {
        switch (block._type) {
          case "hero":
            return <Hero key={block._key} documentId={documentId} {...block} />
          // ... other blocks
        }
      })}
    </main>
  )
}

export const PTE_IMAGE_PRESENTATION_QUERY = defineQuery(`
  *[_id == $documentId][0]{
    "pteImageBlock": body[_key == $blockKey && _type == "pteImage"][0]{
      image,
      caption,
      alt
    }
  }
`)

// Total count for pagination UI
export const ARTICLES_COUNT_QUERY = defineQuery(`
  count(*[_type == "article" && defined(slug.current)])
`);

// Paginated listing — validated integers interpolated into the slice
function articlesQuery(start: number, end: number) {
  return defineQuery(`
    *[_type == "article" && defined(slug.current)]
    | order(date desc) [${start}...${end}] {
      _id, title, "slug": slug.current, date
    }
  `);
}

const ENTRIES_PER_PAGE = 10;

export default async function BlogPage({
  searchParams
}: {
  searchParams: Promise<{ page?: string }>
}) {
  const { page: pageParam } = await searchParams;
  const page = Math.max(1, parseInt(pageParam || "1") || 1);
  const start = (page - 1) * ENTRIES_PER_PAGE;
  const end = start + ENTRIES_PER_PAGE;

  const [{ data: articles }, { data: total }] = await Promise.all([
    sanityFetch({ query: articlesQuery(start, end) }),
    sanityFetch({ query: ARTICLES_COUNT_QUERY })
  ]);

  const totalPages = Math.ceil(total / ENTRIES_PER_PAGE);

  return (
    <main>
      {articles.map(article => (
        <ArticleCard key={article._id} article={article} />
      ))}
      <Pagination current={page} total={totalPages} />
    </main>
  );
}