Lora Qlora Recipes

Last verified: 2026-07-14

Unsloth ↔ TRL/PEFT Mapping

Unsloth is a fast-kernel wrapper over PEFT and TRL, not a replacement API — every Unsloth kwarg below has a plain TRL/PEFT equivalent. Use this table to translate an Unsloth config to plain TRL (or back), and to know which knob lives on which object in the current TRL API.

Config Knob Mapping

Current TRL API Notes

Two API surfaces changed recently enough that stale examples (including some Unsloth cookbook snippets) still show the old form:

• processing_class, not tokenizer=. SFTTrainer(tokenizer=tokenizer, ...) is the old, removed-or-deprecated form. Current TRL takes SFTTrainer(processing_class=tokenizer, ...). If a config or example still passes tokenizer=, update it before running — this is the single most common stale-API error when porting an older recipe forward.

• max_length (renamed from max_seq_length) and dataset_text_field live in SFTConfig, not scattered across the trainer call or the model loader. Set them once, on the SFTConfig instance, and don't duplicate them elsewhere in the pipeline.

Known Unsloth 2026.7.x Limitations

Four confirmed gaps on Unsloth 2026.7.2 (transformers 5.13.1, trl 1.8.0), found while training a real messages-shaped SFT run. None of these are hypothetical — each was reproduced with a live load/train and, where noted, a working fix.

No messages-shaped path with assistant_only_loss=True

Unsloth's compiled SFTTrainer (monkeypatched onto trl.SFTTrainer process-wide the moment unsloth is imported anywhere — not reversible within the process, and not gated on FastLanguageModel actually being used) ships a hand-written _prepare_dataset that recognizes exactly four dataset shapes by column name: pre-tokenized (input_ids/labels), prompt+ completion, a flat dataset_text_field, or a formatting_func returning pre-rendered strings. There is no messages-shaped conversational-dataset path at all. A formatting_func can only return flat text, which forces pre-rendering the chat template before the trainer sees per-turn boundaries — the exact flat-text anti-pattern dataset-curation's references/formats-and-templates.md warns computes loss over the entire sequence, defeating assistant_only_loss's purpose. Fix: use the plain TRL + PEFT escape hatch below — this is not a rare point-release regression to wait out, it is the current state of Unsloth 2026.7.x for this exact combination (messages dataset + assistant_only_loss=True + no packing). Confirmed via two independent runs: Unsloth's path raises immediately at trainer construction; identical hyperparameters run cleanly end-to-end once unsloth is never imported and plain transformers.AutoModelForCausalLM + peft.LoraConfig/get_peft_model + trl.SFTTrainer are used instead.

attn_implementation kwarg silently dropped

FastLanguageModel.from_pretrained(..., attn_implementation="sdpa") does not reliably force SDPA. Unsloth's loader calls its own attention-resolution helper without forwarding the caller's attn_implementation, then discards the kwarg outright — so a flash-attn build that's importable gets auto-selected regardless of what was requested. Confirmed: passing attn_implementation="sdpa" explicitly still resolved to model.config._attn_implementation == "flash_attention_2". The only working override is a monkeypatch before calling from_pretrained — scope it tightly, since HAS_FLASH_ATTENTION is a module-global that also affects any other from_pretrained call made later in the same process (a second model load in the same script or notebook cell inherits whatever the flag was last set to, silently):

import unsloth.models._utils as unsloth_utils

_original = unsloth_utils.HAS_FLASH_ATTENTION
try:
    unsloth_utils.HAS_FLASH_ATTENTION = False
    model, tokenizer = FastLanguageModel.from_pretrained(...)
    assert model.config._attn_implementation == "sdpa", (
        f"expected sdpa, got {model.config._attn_implementation}"
    )
finally:
    unsloth_utils.HAS_FLASH_ATTENTION = _original

This forces the resolver down its SDPA branch for the duration of the try block only, restores the prior value in finally even if from_pretrained raises, and asserts the resolver actually landed on SDPA rather than silently falling through. On plain TRL/PEFT (the escape hatch above), attn_implementation="sdpa" passed to AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained is honored correctly — this is an Unsloth-specific gap, not a general TRL issue.

padding_free collision with a plain-TRL SFTConfig

Passing a plain trl.SFTConfig(max_length=1024, packing=False, ...) (i.e., not touching padding_free, matching TRL's own documented default of padding_free=False) into Unsloth's compiled trainer can still raise ValueError: When padding_free=True without packing, max_length is not enforced.... Unsloth's own compiled SFTConfig-equivalent dataclass defaults padding_free = None, and something in its resolution path turns that into a truthy value even for an args instance built from plain trl.SFTConfig. Fix: pass padding_free=False explicitly whenever training through Unsloth — cheap insurance regardless of which path you're on.

TRL's chat-template auto-patch is exact-string-match only

Before raising the "template lacks {% generation %}" error described in dataset-curation SKILL.md, TRL 1.8.0's SFTTrainer.__init__ calls an internal get_training_chat_template() that tries to swap in one of ~18 hardcoded known-model training templates (trl.chat_template_utils) keyed on exact string equality against the tokenizer's chat_template. If the model's shipped template doesn't literal-match a table entry — even a near-identical one — the auto-patch silently fails to apply and TRL raises. Fix pattern: hand-patch a copy of the tokenizer's actual template by wrapping the assistant-turn content span with {% generation %}... {% endgeneration %} markers — role marker outside the span, the end-of-turn token inside it (matching TRL's is_chat_template_stop_token_trained check) — preserving every branch of the real template (tool-calling, per-turn special-case handling) that a generic fallback constant won't have. Load the patched template into tokenizer.chat_template in memory only; never overwrite the base model directory's shipped template file.

The Escape Hatch: When to Drop Back to Plain TRL

For messages-shaped SFT with assistant_only_loss=True, this is the default path per the Known Limitations section above, not a fallback of last resort. For every other training mode, Unsloth ships fast point releases and a point release occasionally regresses a specific mode (a collator, a chunked-loss path, a particular model architecture) before the next patch fixes it. Either way:

1. Reproduce narrowly — confirm it's the Unsloth wrapper and not the underlying config (rank, alpha, LR, target modules all still apply unchanged).

2. Fall back to plain TRL + PEFT directly, using the mapping table above to translate every Unsloth kwarg to its TRL/PEFT equivalent. The hyperparameters don't change — only which library sets them.

3. Re-pin Unsloth once a patch lands for modes covered by a genuine regression rather than a structural gap — check the Known Limitations section above first; a structural gap (like the messages-shaped path) doesn't resolve itself on the next point release without a changelog entry confirming it.

This is why the mapping table exists: it makes the fallback mechanical instead of a from-scratch rewrite.